A veterinary endoscopy procedure is used to identify the underlying cause of symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain or swelling, or loss of appetite in pets. Today, our Lithia Springs vets explain this valuable diagnostic test in more detail.
The Endoscope
An endoscope is a flexible tube with a viewing port and/or a video camera attachment. It is inserted through the mouth into the stomach or the rectum into the colon, allowing for examining the insides of these hollow organs.
Endoscopy helps diagnose strictures, abnormal cells, or tumors and can also remove any foreign objects that may be present.
The Endoscopy Procedure for Pets
Before a gastrointestinal endoscopy, your pet must be free of all foods and feces. Depending on the internal location of the endoscope inspection, your pet will need to fast for 12 to 18 hours to clear its system. Before the procedure, at least one enema may be required.
Because an endoscopy allows for a thorough examination of the esophagus, stomach, intestinal tract, and/or colon, your pet will be sedated throughout the procedure. The endoscope will be inserted through the mouth or the rectum into your pet's stomach or intestinal tract and advanced to visualize the required area.
If a biopsy or foreign body removal is required, an additional device can be passed through the endoscope to perform other procedures.
How long does a dog's endoscopy take?
The duration of an endoscopy procedure depends on the examination's type and complexity. Generally, a dog endoscopy can take 30 minutes to a couple of hours. Pre-procedure preparations and post-procedure monitoring can add additional time.
Conditions Commonly Diagnosed Using Endoscopy
An endoscope for dogs or cats allows your veterinarian to see the full color of the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of the small intestine or colon. The examiner can detect abnormalities such as inflammation, abnormal swelling, scarring, and strictures (abnormal narrowing). Any abnormal areas can also have precise biopsy samples taken. These samples comprise tiny pieces of tissue cut from the organ's lining by the biopsy instrument.
Detecting Cancer In Pets With Endoscopy
Your veterinarian can often diagnose gastrointestinal tract cancer using the endoscope. Some tumors, however, do not affect the stomach or colon's mucosa or inner lining. The biopsy results are normal in these cases, yet the pet continues to experience clinical signs. Biopsies obtained through exploratory surgery (exploratory laparotomy) or non-invasive tests such as an MRI may be required.
Costs of Endoscopy for Cats & Dogs
The cost of an endoscopy for a dog and cat can vary based on factors such as the type of endoscopy, the location of the veterinary clinic, and the complexity of the procedure. It is best to ask your veterinarian for detailed pricing information.
Potential Side Effects of an Endoscopy
While endoscopy is generally safe, there are some risks and potential side effects to consider, such as anesthesia. There are inherent risks, particularly for pets with pre-existing health conditions. Although rare, there is a slight risk of the endoscope causing a perforation in the examined organ or structure. There could be a minimal risk of infection at the procedure site or where incisions were made. Pets may experience mild discomfort or irritation in the area examined.
Your Pet's Recovery From The Endoscopy Procedure
Most pets recover quickly and easily following an endoscopy. Your pet should be released shortly after the procedure. Once he is awake and responding to care, your pet should be able to go home for rest.
Depending on the purpose of the endoscopy, your pet may be able to resume play and eating very quickly. If the endoscopy results in a biopsy, the pathology report may take up to a week.
If the endoscopy is for discovery, your veterinarian will review the following steps and options. If the procedure was to find and remove a foreign object, you and your pet should be able to resume normal activities immediately after the endoscopy and waking from anesthesia.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.